Quick answer
Direct answer
Risk scores
| CVSS metric | What it means |
|---|---|
| Attack vector (AV:N) | Network: reachable remotely |
| Attack complexity (AC:L) | Low complexity |
| Attack requirements (AT:N) | No attack requirements |
| Privileges required (PR:N) | No privileges required |
| User interaction (UI:N) | No user interaction |
| Confidentiality (VC:L) | Low confidentiality impact |
| Integrity (VI:N) | No integrity impact |
| Availability (VA:N) | No availability impact |
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:A/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Red
CISA required action
About Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS
Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS provides the software environment for the GlobalProtect portal and gateway involved in this vulnerability. Organizations using these components for VPN access rely on them to separate authorized remote connections from connections that should be rejected. For your security team, that makes GlobalProtect an access boundary rather than just another application to inventory.
The people responsible for that boundary may include network administrators, identity teams, security operations staff, and the teams supporting remote users. Their responsibilities overlap during a vulnerability response. You need someone to establish which systems are exposed, someone to authorize changes, and someone to check whether suspicious access has already occurred.
This matters because a VPN connection can create a route toward resources that your organization does not intend to expose directly. The actual reach depends on your configuration. When assessing CVE-2026-0257, your question should therefore extend beyond whether PAN-OS is present: which access decisions depend on the affected GlobalProtect components?
What the flaw is
CVE-2026-0257 covers authentication bypass vulnerabilities in the GlobalProtect portal and gateway. The documented outcome is an unauthorized VPN connection after security restrictions are bypassed. That is the central failure: a connection that should require successful authorization can instead be established without satisfying the intended access boundary.
The supplied assessment rates the vulnerability HIGH with CVSS 7.8. Its vector describes a network attack with low complexity, no required privileges, and no required user interaction. These characteristics support urgent assessment of reachable deployments. They do not establish that every installation has identical exposure or that every attempted connection will succeed.
The weakness is classified as CWE-565, which concerns reliance on cookies without adequate validation and integrity checking. This classification helps explain the type of trust problem involved. It does not disclose a particular cookie, request format, or bypass sequence. You should not infer an exploit procedure or a precise detection signature from that classification alone.
The record was published on May 13, 2026, and last modified on June 17, 2026. Neither date should be treated as the beginning of attacker activity. The supplied facts do not identify a fixed release, exact deployment prerequisites, or a named discoverer. Consult the Palo Alto Networks advisory for current technical and remediation details.
How an attack could happen
Consider an organization with a reachable GlobalProtect deployment running an affected PAN-OS release. The following scenario illustrates the documented access failure and the defensive questions it raises. It is not a reconstruction of a particular incident, and later consequences depend on the organization's access policies.
- An attacker can reach the GlobalProtect service. Your first defensive question is whether that route exists from an untrusted network and whether the deployment falls within the vendor's affected scope.
- The attacker takes advantage of the authentication bypass to establish an unauthorized VPN connection. This is the outcome described for the CVE, rather than a claim that the attacker has stolen a legitimate user's password.
- The connection creates a potential foothold whose reach depends on your network controls. You should determine which destinations and services a VPN session could access, without assuming that all internal systems become reachable.
- Your investigation then separates connection establishment from subsequent activity. Evidence of an unauthorized session warrants response, but claims about data access or changes require additional supporting records.
Impact
The immediate impact is loss of confidence in the VPN access boundary. A system intended to admit approved connections may admit an unauthorized one. Treat that as an access control incident, even if your initial review does not show activity against another system.
Possible downstream consequences depend on what the connection permits. If sensitive services are reachable, assess whether they received unexpected traffic and whether their own authentication controls held. The supplied facts do not establish automatic administrative control, arbitrary code execution, or complete compromise of every connected environment.
CISA lists this CVE in its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, with an addition date of May 29, 2026. Its ransomware association is marked Known. These are strong reasons to act promptly, but neither establishes that your organization has been attacked or that every exploitation attempt involves ransomware.
Affected versions and timeline
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Product | Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS |
| Affected versions | Pan-Os before 10.2.7; Pan-Os 10.2.7; Pan-Os 10.2.8; Pan-Os 10.2.9; Pan-Os 10.2.10; Pan-Os 10.2.11; Pan-Os 10.2.12; Pan-Os 10.2.13; Pan-Os 10.2.14; Pan-Os 10.2.15; Pan-Os 10.2.16; Pan-Os 10.2.17 |
| Published | May 13, 2026 |
| Last modified | Jun 17, 2026 |
| Added to CISA KEV | May 29, 2026 |
| Assigning CNA | psirt@paloaltonetworks.com |
The supplied affected list includes PAN-OS before 10.2.7 and explicitly names releases 10.2.7 through 10.2.17. Match your actual running versions against the vendor advisory rather than relying on a broad product family label or an outdated asset record. Record the complete installed build when gathering evidence.
Do not interpret the end of the supplied list as proof that the next release is fixed. No fixed version is provided here. Likewise, do not make assumptions about an unlisted release branch. Use https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2026-0257 to confirm the applicable affected and corrected releases.
The vulnerable components are the GlobalProtect portal and gateway. Panorama and Cloud NGFW are explicitly not impacted by these issues. Keep that exclusion specific to this CVE, and avoid expanding the response to unrelated products merely because they share a vendor.
How to detect it
- Build a deployment list that includes the running PAN-OS version, GlobalProtect component roles, reachable addresses, service owner, and change owner. Compare configuration evidence with inventory records so forgotten or recently changed systems do not escape review.
- Where records permit, correlate accepted VPN sessions with identity and authentication events. Investigate sessions for which you cannot establish the expected authorization history. Missing correlation is a lead to examine, not proof of exploitation, because logging gaps can produce similar uncertainty.
- Look for unusual connection sources, unexpected session timing, and access patterns inconsistent with the associated user or device. Assess these signals together. An unfamiliar source address alone does not identify CVE-2026-0257 exploitation.
- Review traffic from questionable VPN sessions toward internal resources. Focus on whether the connection reached sensitive destinations and whether those services recorded successful access. This helps distinguish an unauthorized connection from a demonstrated downstream compromise.
- Preserve available connection, authentication, configuration, and traffic records before changes reduce their availability. The supplied facts contain no verified indicators or exact detection query. Check the vendor advisory for additional guidance, and document any blind spots that limit your conclusions.
How to fix it
Do this now
- Assign an accountable response owner and confirm affected deployments without waiting for a perfect enterprise inventory. Prioritize systems that combine an affected release, reachable GlobalProtect service, and access to important resources.
- Read the current vendor advisory and apply its instructions for your deployment. The supplied information does not identify a fixed version or a specific validated workaround, so neither should be guessed.
- Follow CISA's required action: implement vendor directed mitigations, observe applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use when mitigations are unavailable. Coordinate any service interruption with the people who depend on remote access.
- If your review identifies suspicious VPN activity, open an incident investigation alongside remediation. Correcting the vulnerable condition does not establish what an earlier session accessed or resolve any separate compromise that investigation uncovers.
If you cannot patch yet
- If remediation cannot happen immediately, evaluate temporary restrictions on service reachability and VPN destination access. Treat these as potential exposure reductions requiring testing and approval, not as confirmed fixes for this vulnerability.
- Do not assume that enabling multifactor authentication, changing passwords, or adding monitoring removes this bypass. The supplied facts do not establish those measures as mitigations. Confirm any proposed workaround against the vendor's specific guidance.
Longer term hardening
- Maintain an inventory that links GlobalProtect deployments to software versions, access policies, business owners, and change windows. Make it possible to answer both where the vulnerable component exists and what access it could provide.
- After remediation, verify the running software and relevant configuration on every in scope instance. Confirm that intended access still works and that temporary restrictions have either been retained deliberately or removed through an approved change.
- Improve session correlation and evidence retention where the investigation found gaps. Your goal is to determine not only whether a connection occurred, but also whether it was authorized and what it subsequently reached.
CTEM action plan
| CTEM stage | What to do for this CVE |
|---|---|
| Scope | Define the assessment around the GlobalProtect access boundary and the resources behind it. Include affected PAN-OS deployments, their reachable interfaces, and responsible teams. Exclude Panorama and Cloud NGFW from this CVE's technical scope while keeping any relevant operational dependencies visible. |
| Discover | Combine version evidence, configuration review, and authorized reachability checks. A product name in an asset database is not enough to describe exposure. Identify which instances provide the affected functions, who owns them, and which VPN access paths could carry an unauthorized connection toward valuable resources. |
| Prioritize | Use CVSS 7.8 alongside confirmed exploitation, the known ransomware association, and EPSS 96.89 percent. EPSS is a prioritization signal, not the probability that your particular organization is compromised. Let deployment reachability and potential business impact determine the order of work within this already urgent response. |
| Validate | Validate exposure and remediation through approved, non destructive checks. Confirm the installed release against vendor guidance, examine service configuration, and review legitimate access behavior. Do not require exploit execution as proof of risk, and do not treat an absence of alerts as proof that the deployment is safe. |
| Mobilize | Give network, identity, security operations, and business owners a shared response record. Capture the affected instance, chosen action, deadline, validation evidence, and any investigation outcome. Close the exposure only when remediation is verified, or when an explicitly approved temporary exception has a clear owner and expiry. |
Key takeaways
- CVE-2026-0257 affects PAN-OS GlobalProtect portal and gateway authentication and can result in an unauthorized VPN connection.
- Confirmed exploitation and a known ransomware association make this an urgent exposure management issue, not simply a routine version check.
- The supplied affected list includes releases before 10.2.7 and names 10.2.7 through 10.2.17. Verify remediation targets with the vendor.
- Panorama and Cloud NGFW are not impacted by these issues. Keep the response focused on the affected components and their access paths.
- Combine vendor directed remediation with session review and access path assessment. A completed change and an incident investigation answer different questions.
CWE References
Technical References
Frequently asked questions
Related CVEs
A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the management interface of Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS® software enables an authenticated attacker with network access to execute arbitrary code with root privileges on the firewall. The security risk posed by this issue is minimized by restricting access to the management interface to only trusted internal IP addresses according to our recommended best practice deployment guidelines https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/t5/community-blogs/tips-amp-tricks-how-to-secure-the-management-access-of-your-palo/ba-p/464431 . This issue is applicable to PAN-OS software on PA-Series and VM-Series firewalls and on Panorama (virtual and M-Series). Cloud NGFW and Prisma® Access are not impacted by this vulnerability.
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the User-ID™ Authentication Portal (aka Captive Portal) service of Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges on the PA-Series and VM-Series firewalls by sending specially crafted packets. The risk of this issue is greatly reduced if you secure access to the User-ID™ Authentication Portal per the best practice guidelines https://knowledgebase.paloaltonetworks.com/KCSArticleDetail by restricting access to only trusted internal IP addresses. Prisma Access, Cloud NGFW and Panorama appliances are not impacted by this vulnerability.
Rack::Session is a session management implementation for Rack. From 2.0.0 to before 2.1.2, Rack::Session::Cookie incorrectly handles decryption failures when configured with secrets:. If cookie decryption fails, the implementation falls back to a default decoder instead of rejecting the cookie. This allows an unauthenticated attacker to supply a crafted session cookie that is accepted as valid session data without knowledge of any configured secret. Because this mechanism is used to load session state, an attacker can manipulate session contents and potentially gain unauthorized access. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.1.2.
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